How to Know if Your Bunions Require Surgery

Bunions are one of the most common foot deformities we treat at West Side Foot Care. If you're reading this, chances are you’ve noticed a bump near the base of your big toe and are wondering whether surgery might be necessary. 

While bunions can be painful and frustrating, surgery is rarely the first course of action.

At our New York City office on Manhattan’s Upper West Side, skilled podiatrist Philip Messenger, DPM, takes a conservative and personalized approach to ensure you receive the right treatment at the right time. 

In this month’s blog, we explain how to determine whether your bunion needs surgical correction.

Understanding what a bunion is

A bunion forms when the joint at the base of your big toe shifts out of alignment, causing the toe to angle inward and a bony bump to form on the outside of the foot. This can happen due to faulty foot mechanics, poorly fitting shoes, or age-related joint changes. 

Contrary to popular belief, bunions are not inherited but result from biomechanical issues that often run in families. Some people live with bunions for years without significant pain, while others experience inflammation, joint stiffness, and even difficulty walking.

When traditional treatment isn’t enough

Most bunions do not require surgery. Dr. Messenger starts by examining your shoes and your foot mechanics. Custom orthotics, toe spacers, and simple shoe modifications often provide significant relief.

We may also recommend:

• Anti-inflammatory medications
• Ice therapy to reduce swelling
• Padding to prevent friction and pressure
• Physical therapy exercises to maintain joint flexibility

You might benefit from these strategies for months or even years. But if you continue to experience daily foot pain, restricted movement, or difficulty wearing shoes, it’s time to consider surgical options. 

Typically, conservative treatments are effective in managing symptoms, but surgery may be necessary when your quality of life suffers.

Signs you may need surgery

Surgery is never Dr. Messenger’s first recommendation, but in some cases, it’s the best long-term solution. You might be a candidate for bunion surgery if:

• Pain is persistent, even with orthotics or padding
• You can’t find shoes that fit due to the size of the bunion
• You’ve developed additional foot problems like hammertoes or calluses
• Your toe is becoming stiff 
• Your daily activities are limited by foot pain

At West Side Foot Care, we use advanced diagnostic tools like X-rays and 3D scanners to assess the severity of your bunion. If surgery is appropriate, Dr. Messenger walks you through your options and recovery expectations. 

What to expect if you need surgery

Bunion surgery typically involves realigning the bones, tendons, and ligaments around the joint to restore natural shape and function. Dr. Messenger is board-certified in podiatric surgery and brings years of experience in correcting complex foot deformities. 

After surgery, you need to keep weight off your foot for a few days and can gradually return to walking over several weeks.

Our team focuses on long-term outcomes, meaning we not only address your current pain but also help prevent future foot problems. With the right aftercare and follow-up support, surgery can dramatically improve your mobility and comfort.

Are you ready to take the next step?

If your bunion is starting to cause problems, reach out to schedule a consultation in our New York City office.